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Level shifter device architectures can be separated into two basic types: Direction Controlled and Auto Direction. Direction controlled devices provide a pin which allows the application to control the direction of data flow while auto direction devices sense the direction of data flow and adjust automatically. Both types of level shifters have specific advantages. Direction controlled devices typically support larger current drive, wider voltage ranges, and faster data rates, plus they are usually available in wider bit widths. Unlike direction controlled devices, auto direction devices do not require special software logic to control direction pins. In addition, the smaller current drive and slower data rate support of auto direction devices translates to lower power dissipation that is well suited for low power applications such as battery operated systems. The removal of the direction control pin(s) and integration of pull-up resistors also enables auto direction devices to have implementations that take up much less board space and require fewer external components. Application specific level shifting devices often incorporate capabilities of both direction controlled and auto direction architectures. TI’s direction controlled level shifters follow part number prefix conventions of SN74AVCxTxxx, SN74LVCxTxxx, and SN74AUP1Txx, while the TI auto direction controlled level shifters follow part number prefix conventions of TXBxxxx, TXSxxxx, and LSF10x.
