There are two types of electric vehicle (EV) charging. AC charging takes power directly from the power grid and connects to an onboard charger mounted in the EV itself. The onboard charger converts the AC voltage into DC voltage which is then used by the battery management system (BMS) to charge and control the battery. DC charging first converts AC power from the grid to DC voltage via an off-board charger in a DC charger station. The DC voltage is then directly provided to the battery management system within the EV, allowing optimization of the off-board charger at the DC charging station to scale up and deliver much higher power to the BMS.