IPS (In-Plane Switching) TFT displays offer the best color reproduction and viewing angles. These TFTs are especially ideal for applications such as measurement and monitoring, instrumentation, automotive, marine, and many other human machine interface applications. IPS TFT displays feature extra-wide viewing angles with consistent color reproduction because of the position of the polarizers and the arrangement of the liquid crystals. The top and bottom polarizers are parallel to each other with the bottom polarizer having both positive and negative electrodes. When the pixel is in an off state, the liquid crystals lie perpendicular to the polarization angle. When energized, the liquid crystals make a 90° rotation and become aligned with the polarizers (see diagram above). Since the liquid crystals switch in-plane with the polarizers, the backlight easily passes through without having to twist. Therefore, the light does not refract, which gives the display consistent color reproduction at all angles.