To design a complete analog front end, one needs to be well versed in the different areas shown above; op amp signal conditioning, analog to digital converters coupled with the voltage reference, data isolation, and isolated power. Even before working on these different disciplines, engineers and designers need to determine the total system performance requirements, form factor, power budget, and topology with a certain time schedule and budget. Once this is done, then engineers can work on the different areas in greater details sorting through hundreds of possible combinations of signal chain components. Putting them all together in a way that achieves the target performance can take several tries even for the most experienced veteran.