Voltage multipliers can generate very high voltages with an inverter circuit that feeds a step-up transformer connected to the multiplier circuit. For example, the typical voltage multiplier shown here is simply a circuit comprised of HVArc Guard® capacitors and diodes that charge and discharge in alternating half cycles of the applied AC voltage. Cascading voltage doubler cells, as shown in the circuit, results in a high-voltage output. Applications for voltage multipliers include flyback converters (where a high voltage is produced from a low battery or supply voltage) in medical X-ray systems, air ionizers, and oscilloscopes, and instrumentation requiring a high-voltage power supply.