The transportation industry presents a unique challenge to solid-state memory manufacturers. The typical operating environment consists of extreme temperatures and is highly prone to shock and vibration. Transportation applications demand the highest quality and reliability. In addition, direct code execution from Flash memory is one of the main requirements for transportation related products. In these applications, code does not normally run from large DRAM memories used in more conventional systems. Instead, application designers demand fast and reliable Flash memory devices. Storage and memory solutions for transportation and automotive applications must withstand persistent vibration and shock. Storage solutions must also be able to handle high temperature fluctuations and show resistance to moisture, all while maintaining data integrity, high reliability, and endurance.