Higher efficiency provides a longer lifetime of the power supply. To improve the lifetime, PULS power supplies position heat sensitive components in the coolest areas of each unit. Poor efficiency often impacts power supply design as it creates the need for larger enclosures and/or additional thermal management such as cooling or larger heat sinks. The wasted energy from poor efficiency increases operating costs. Other components near power supplies with poor efficiency have lowered lifetimes due to the additional heat generated by the power supply.