Solid polymer capacitors are most commonly used in DC-to-DC converter applications with regard to automotive electronics. With a voltage range from 2 V to 75 V, polymer capacitors deliver as much as 1500 µF of capacitance at the lower voltage ranges and up to 15 µF at 75 V. Low ESR KO-CAPs are used for bulk decoupling on CPU, GPU and DDR output rails while higher ESR devices are selected for the 12 V and 24 V battery rails.