The analog input module conditions and measures signals from sensors, transducers, and other current and voltage sources. Common examples include temperature sensors, such as thermocouples and RTD’s, bridge sensors, such as pressure sensors or flow sensors, and current loops. A typical signal chain consists of an input multiplexer, input signal conditioning, ADCs, references, isolation, and a microcontroller or embedded processor. The signal conditioning circuitry usually consists of amplifiers and switches. Typical high end requirements are for measurement of small voltages and currents, such as in strain gauge and thermocouple applications. Typically these requirements require better than 17 bits of noise free performance. The measurement of larger voltages and currents typically have less demanding requirements. A couple of examples include measuring larger signal RTD’s and current loops. These requirements typically require 12-16 bit resolution.