The pull-in voltage is that point where the contacts close while the voltage is slowly ramping up. Conversely, the dropout voltage is the point where the contacts open while slowly ramping down the voltage. The voltage measurement for pull-in and drop-out is made directly across the coil. The resistance of the copper wire making up the coil is called the coil resistance. Hysteresis is the ratio of the drop-out voltage to the pull-in voltage, or the drop-out voltage divided by the pull-in voltage. Switching voltage is the maximum voltage capable of being switched by the contacts.