A ReDriver is basically a high bandwidth analog amplifier with frequency shaping and other features to extend the length of the high speed PCB signal trace or cable, and open the ‘eye’ of the signal at the end point of the channel. This is critical at system level to prevent data bits from being dropped (errors), which causes performance reduction. The ReDriver operates at the PHY layer only in the high speed channel, and does not need an external clock. Therefore, it is a very cost effective way to extend high speed signals on a PCB in almost all channel applications. There is some tuning nomenclature that needs to be understood for the remainder of this training: Equalization or EQ Receiver (Rx) channel frequency boost settings, commonly called Rx EQ, DeEmphasis or DE Transmitter (Tx) channel frequency cut settings, commonly called Tx DE, Output Swing or OS controls the total voltage level of the output signal. EQ, DE, and OS are adjusted to provide the best eye opening at the end point when extending the channel. These adjustments can be made by I2C bus to the IC internal registers, or by using pin strap settings, or both.