Boilers and water heaters provide hot water and heating  for residential and commercial applications. In some parts of the world, combination boilers are becoming increasingly popular. A combination boiler is both a water heater as well as a heating boiler. Boilers require numerous sensors such that a typical boiler uses an insertion probe for flue temperature, surface sensor for water tank, well immersion sensors for storage tanks and multiple clip-on pipe sensors to measure water temperature. Water temperature must be measured to validate the heating process and temperature coming out of the boiler.